Question 15

NUMERICALMEDIUM

Intersection Points and Enclosed Area of Exponential-Trigonometric Curves

Consider the curve C1C_1 given by y=eβˆ’xΒ forΒ x∈[0,10Ο€],y = e^{-x} \text{ for } x \in [0, 10\pi], and the curve C2C_2 given by y=eβˆ’x(sin⁑x+cos⁑x)Β forΒ x∈[0,10Ο€].y = e^{-x}(\sin x + \cos x) \text{ for } x \in [0, 10\pi]. Let nn be the total number of points of intersection of the curves C1C_1 and C2C_2. Suppose that Ξ±1,Ξ±2,…,Ξ±n∈[0,10Ο€]\alpha_1, \alpha_2, \dots, \alpha_n \in [0, 10\pi] are the xx-coordinates of the points of intersection of the curves C1C_1 and C2C_2 such that Ξ±1<Ξ±2<β‹―<Ξ±n\alpha_1 < \alpha_2 < \dots < \alpha_n.

The value of nn is

Correct Answer: 11

Detailed Solution

To find the points of intersection, set the equations equal:

eβˆ’x=eβˆ’x(sin⁑x+cos⁑x)e^{-x} = e^{-x}(\sin x + \cos x)

Since eβˆ’xβ‰ 0e^{-x} \neq 0 for any xx, we can divide by eβˆ’xe^{-x}:

1=sin⁑x+cos⁑x1 = \sin x + \cos x

Divide by 2\sqrt{2} on both sides:

12sin⁑x+12cos⁑x=12\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \sin x + \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \cos x = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}

sin⁑(x+Ο€4)=sin⁑(Ο€4)\sin(x + \frac{\pi}{4}) = \sin(\frac{\pi}{4})

The general solutions are:

  1. x+Ο€4=2kΟ€+Ο€4β€…β€ŠβŸΉβ€…β€Šx=2kΟ€x + \frac{\pi}{4} = 2k\pi + \frac{\pi}{4} \implies x = 2k\pi

  2. x+Ο€4=(2k+1)Ο€βˆ’Ο€4β€…β€ŠβŸΉβ€…β€Šx=2kΟ€+Ο€2x + \frac{\pi}{4} = (2k+1)\pi - \frac{\pi}{4} \implies x = 2k\pi + \frac{\pi}{2}

For x∈[0,10Ο€]x \in [0, 10\pi]:

From x=2kΟ€x = 2k\pi: x=0,2Ο€,4Ο€,6Ο€,8Ο€,10Ο€x = 0, 2\pi, 4\pi, 6\pi, 8\pi, 10\pi (6 points)

From x=2kΟ€+Ο€2x = 2k\pi + \frac{\pi}{2}: x=Ο€2,5Ο€2,9Ο€2,13Ο€2,17Ο€2x = \frac{\pi}{2}, \frac{5\pi}{2}, \frac{9\pi}{2}, \frac{13\pi}{2}, \frac{17\pi}{2} (5 points)

Total number of intersection points n=6+5=11n = 6 + 5 = 11.

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