Question 705039

SCQMEDIUM

A single particle can exist in two states with energies 00 and EE respectively. At high temperatures (kBTEk_BT \gg E) the specific heat of the system (CVC_V) will be approximately

(A)

proportional to 1T\frac{1}{T}

(B)

proportional to 1T2\frac{1}{T^2}

(C)

proportional to eEkBTe^{\frac{E}{k_BT}}

(D)

Constant

Detailed Solution

The partition function Z=1+eβEZ = 1 + e^{-\beta E}. The average energy E=EeβE1+eβE\langle E \rangle = \frac{E e^{-\beta E}}{1+e^{-\beta E}}. The specific heat CV=ET=EβdβdTC_V = \frac{\partial \langle E \rangle}{\partial T} = \frac{\partial \langle E \rangle}{\partial \beta} \frac{d\beta}{dT}. Since β=1/kBT\beta = 1/k_BT, dβdT=1/kBT2\frac{d\beta}{dT} = -1/k_BT^2. Differentiating E\langle E \rangle gives CV=E2kBT2eβE(1+eβE)2C_V = \frac{E^2}{k_BT^2} \frac{e^{\beta E}}{(1+e^{\beta E})^2}. At high TT, βE0\beta E \to 0, eβE1e^{\beta E} \approx 1, thus CV1/T2C_V \propto 1/T^2.

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