Question 1

SCQHARD

Let x0x_0 be the real number such that ex0+x0=0e^{x_0} + x_0 = 0. For a given real number α\alpha, define g(x)=3xex+3xαexαx3(ex+1)g(x) = \frac{3xe^x + 3x - \alpha e^x - \alpha x}{3(e^x + 1)} for all real numbers xx. Then which one of the following statements is TRUE?

(A)

For α=2,limxx0g(x)+ex0xx0=0\alpha = 2, \lim_{x \to x_0} \left| \frac{g(x) + e^{x_0}}{x - x_0} \right| = 0

(B)

For α=2,limxx0g(x)+ex0xx0=1\alpha = 2, \lim_{x \to x_0} \left| \frac{g(x) + e^{x_0}}{x - x_0} \right| = 1

(C)

For α=3,limxx0g(x)+ex0xx0=0\alpha = 3, \lim_{x \to x_0} \left| \frac{g(x) + e^{x_0}}{x - x_0} \right| = 0

(D)

For α=3,limxx0g(x)+ex0xx0=23\alpha = 3, \lim_{x \to x_0} \left| \frac{g(x) + e^{x_0}}{x - x_0} \right| = \frac{2}{3}

Detailed Solution

Given ex0+x0=0    ex0=x0e^{x_0} + x_0 = 0 \implies e^{x_0} = -x_0. We can rewrite g(x)g(x) as: g(x)=3x(ex+1)α(ex+x)3(ex+1)=xα3ex+xex+1g(x) = \frac{3x(e^x + 1) - \alpha(e^x + x)}{3(e^x + 1)} = x - \frac{\alpha}{3} \cdot \frac{e^x + x}{e^x + 1} Let f(x)=ex+xf(x) = e^x + x, then g(x)=xα3f(x)f(x)g(x) = x - \frac{\alpha}{3} \cdot \frac{f(x)}{f'(x)}. Since f(x0)=0f(x_0) = 0, we have g(x0)=x0g(x_0) = x_0. Also, ex0=x0e^{x_0} = -x_0, so g(x0)+ex0=x0x0=0g(x_0) + e^{x_0} = x_0 - x_0 = 0. The limit L=limxx0g(x)+ex0xx0=limxx0g(x)g(x0)xx0=g(x0)L = \lim_{x \to x_0} \left| \frac{g(x) + e^{x_0}}{x - x_0} \right| = \lim_{x \to x_0} \left| \frac{g(x) - g(x_0)}{x - x_0} \right| = |g'(x_0)|. Differentiating g(x)g(x): g(x)=1α3(ex+1)2(ex+x)ex(ex+1)2g'(x) = 1 - \frac{\alpha}{3} \cdot \frac{(e^x + 1)^2 - (e^x + x)e^x}{(e^x + 1)^2} At x=x0x = x_0, ex0+x0=0e^{x_0} + x_0 = 0, so: g(x0)=1α3(ex0+1)20(ex0+1)2=1α3g'(x_0) = 1 - \frac{\alpha}{3} \cdot \frac{(e^{x_0} + 1)^2 - 0}{(e^{x_0} + 1)^2} = 1 - \frac{\alpha}{3}. For α=3\alpha = 3, g(x0)=133=0g'(x_0) = 1 - \frac{3}{3} = 0. Thus, for α=3\alpha = 3, the limit is 00.

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