Question 1

SCQHARD

The center of a disk of radius $r$ and mass $m$ is attached to a spring of spring constant $k$ , inside a ring of radius $R > r$ as shown in the figure. The other end of the spring is attached on the periphery of the ring. Both the ring and the disk are in the same vertical plane. The disk can only roll along the inside periphery of the ring, without slipping. The spring can only be stretched or compressed along the periphery of the ring, following the Hooke's law. In equilibrium, the disk is at the bottom of the ring. Assuming small displacement of the disc, the time period of oscillation of center of mass of the disk is written as $T = \frac{2\pi}{\omega}$ . The correct expression for $\omega$ is ( $g$ is the acceleration due to gravity):

(A)

$\sqrt{\frac{2}{3} \left( \frac{g}{R - r} + \frac{k}{m} \right)}$

(B)

$\sqrt{\frac{2g}{3(R - r)} + \frac{k}{m}}$

(C)

$\sqrt{\frac{1}{6} \left( \frac{g}{R - r} + \frac{k}{m} \right)}$

(D)

$\sqrt{\frac{1}{4} \left( \frac{g}{R - r} + \frac{k}{m} \right)}$

Detailed Solution

Let $\theta$ be the small angular displacement of the center of the disk from the vertical. The distance of the center of the disk from the centre of the ring is $R - r$ .

The velocity of the centre of mass is $v = (R - r) \dot{\theta}$ .
For rolling without slipping, the angular velocity of the disc is $\omega_{disk} = \frac{v}{r} = \frac{(R - r) \dot{\theta}}{r}$ .
Total Kinetic Energy $K = \frac{1}{2} m v^2 + \frac{1}{2} I_{cm} \omega_{disk}^2 = \frac{1}{2} m (R - r)^2 \dot{\theta}^2 + \frac{1}{2} \left( \frac{1}{2} m r^2 \right) \left( \frac{(R - r) \dot{\theta}}{r} \right)^2 = \frac{3}{4} m (R - r)^2 \dot{\theta}^2$ .
Potential Energy for small $\theta$ : $U = U_{grav} + U_{spring} \approx \frac{1}{2} mg (R - r) \theta^2 + \frac{1}{2} k ((R - r) \theta)^2 = \frac{1}{2} [mg(R - r) + k(R - r)^2] \theta^2$ .
Using conservation of energy $\frac{d(K+U)}{dt} = 0$ :

$\frac{3}{2} m (R - r)^2 \dot{\theta} \ddot{\theta} + [mg(R - r) + k(R - r)^2] \theta \dot{\theta} = 0$

$\ddot{\theta} + \frac{2(mg(R - r) + k(R - r)^2)}{3m(R - r)^2} \theta = 0$

$\omega^2 = \frac{2}{3} \left( \frac{g}{R - r} + \frac{k}{m} \right)$

$\omega = \sqrt{\frac{2}{3} \left( \frac{g}{R - r} + \frac{k}{m} \right)}$

Question 1

Detailed Solution

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